ArticleFrontiers in public health2026
Patterns of screen use and their association with sleep among medical students: a cross-sectional study.
Article in Frontiers in public health, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Background: Screen use and reduced sleep have become an integral part of medical education and daily life, raising concerns regarding the potential impact on health. This study investigated screen time patterns, sleep characteristics, and their associations among medical students. Aim: To assess daily screen time, nocturnal and daytime sleep patterns, and perceived adverse effects of screen use among Bulgarian and foreign medical students, and to investigate the associations between screen time and certain sleep characteristics. Methods: A cross-sectional questionnaire-based study was conducted among 1,063 medical students. Data on daily screen time, purpose of screen use, perceived adverse effects, nocturnal sleep duration, bedtime, daytime sleep, and lifestyle characteristics were collected. Group comparisons were performed according to student status (Bulgarian vs. foreign) and sex, and correlation analyses were used to assess associations between screen time and sleep-related parameters. Results: Mean daily screen time was 5.64 ± 2.81 h/day, with foreign students reporting significantly longer exposure than Bulgarian students (6.61 ± 3.06 vs. 4.79 ± 2.25 h/day; Conclusions: Prolonged screen exposure and suboptimal sleep patterns are common among medical students. Greater screen time appears to be more strongly associated with delayed sleep timing than reduced sleep duration. Promoting healthier screen use habits and sleep hygiene are necessary.
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