Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42827185›Full record

ArticleAnalytical and bioanalytical chemistry2026

Real-time process analysis and optimization of nitroguanidine synthesis in microflow using inline Raman spectroscopy.

L Hirschberger, M B R Völkl, K Karaghiosoff, T M Klapötke, C Haisch

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

L HirschbergerChair of Analytical Chemistry and Water Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85748, Garching, Germany.
M B R VölklDepartment of Chemistry, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Butenandtstr. 5-13, 81377, Munich, Germany.
K KaraghiosoffDepartment of Chemistry, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Butenandtstr. 5-13, 81377, Munich, Germany.
T M KlapötkeDepartment of Chemistry, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Butenandtstr. 5-13, 81377, Munich, Germany.
C HaischChair of Analytical Chemistry and Water Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85748, Garching, Germany. haisch@tum.de.

Funding

German Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Climate Action via AIF GmbH KK 5141505AB0Office of Naval Research (ONR) ONR N00014-19-1-2078Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program (SERDP) W912HQ19C0033
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Non-contact inline Raman spectroscopy is used as a fast, flexible, and safe method for monitoring and optimizing continuous-flow processes involving highly hazardous and corrosive materials. The synthesis of nitroguanidine (NQ), an energetic material, was characterized and optimized as a model for hazardous reactions. The contactless, flexible, and real-time analysis in this environment was implemented using a clip-on adapter for a Raman probe downstream of the microflow reactor. Initial experiments focus on characterizing the in situ formation of the nitration agent, the nitronium ion (NO

Indexed as

Continuous flowEnergetic materialMicroflow reactorNitroguanidinePATProcess analyticsRaman spectroscopy

Identifiers

PMID42827185

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.