ArticleInternational urogynecology journal2026
Ecological Momentary Assessment Reveals Greater Anxiety and Marked Instability of Urinary Urgency in Overactive Bladder.
Article in International urogynecology journal, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
introduction and hypothesisOveractive bladder (OAB) is highly prevalent and frequently co-occurs with anxiety. Although cross-sectional studies associate anxiety and OAB symptoms, anxiety and lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) vary in daily life. We applied ecological momentary assessment (EMA), consisting of four brief surveys administered via participants' smartphones over 7-14 days, to characterize severity and variability of anxiety and LUTS among individuals with and without OAB, and by sex among those with OAB.
methodsThree hundred thirty-one participants with active OAB symptoms and healthy controls (HC) (271 OAB, 60 HC) (M age = 47.0, 69% White) from two studies of OAB completed baseline measures and 322 completed EMA evaluating affective symptoms (e.g., anxiety) and LUTS (e.g., urgency, frequency). Analyses compared OAB to HC, and sexes within OAB on aggregated momentary affective and LUTS ratings reflecting symptom intensity, variability, and instability.
resultsDespite equivalent cross-sectional anxiety ratings, OAB participants displayed significantly more severe, variable, and unstable anxiety than HC in EMA, with medium effects (p < 0.001, d = .48-.55). Urinary urgency was the most unstable LUTS in OAB, fluctuating roughly 7 points on an 11-point scale. While women reported more incontinence-related symptoms, men reported greater average frequency.
conclusionsOur findings confirm cross-sectional evidence for increased psychological and urinary burden and provide novel evidence of substantial fluctuations in distress and urinary symptoms in OAB patients. Findings suggest exploring mechanistic links between psychological and urinary symptoms and highlight the utility of EMA as an assessment tool in OAB.
Indexed as
Identifiers
42827177What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.