ArticleChild's nervous system : ChNS : official journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery2026
Pediatric spasticity in Brazil: insights from a neurosurgical referral center.
Article in Child's nervous system : ChNS : official journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
aimTo characterize pediatric spasticity in a Brazilian tertiary center and identify functional demand for neurosurgical interventions.
methodRetrospective, cross-sectional study of 161 patients. Functional status was assessed using GMFCS and FMS scales.
resultsCerebral palsy (CP) predominated (75.3%), showing high functional severity (43.6% GMFCS V). Median age at referral was 8.5 years. Dystonia was present in 41.1% of the spasticity subgroup. Functional severity did not correlate with age groups (p = 0.266).
interpretationLate referral (median age 8.5 years) contributes to progressive musculoskeletal complications despite stable neurological lesions. Systematic use of GMFCS and FMS provides a reproducible screening tool for surgical candidacy in resource-limited settings. The high prevalence of dystonia (41.1%), characterizing a late-stage mixed hypertonia profile due to delayed referrals, highlights the need for expanded neuromodulation access in public healthcare systems.
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