ArticleIndian journal of ophthalmology2026
Carbide gun-related ocular trauma: Clinical profile and early management outcomes from an acute outbreak.
Article in Indian journal of ophthalmology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
purposeTo describe the clinicodemographic profile, early clinical findings, and short-term outcomes in patients with carbide gun-related ocular trauma.
methodsThis ambispective study included 37 patients presenting with carbide gun-related ocular trauma at a tertiary eye center over 10 days in October 2025. Demographic data, mechanism of injury, clinical findings, grading of ocular surface burns, adnexal involvement, and management details were recorded. The best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and corneal thickness (CT) were assessed at presentation and during follow-up. All patients were managed based on injury severity.
resultsAll patients were male with a median age of 15 years. All injuries occurred at home, predominantly during device inspection after ignition failure. The right eye was involved in 89.2%. Severe burns (Dua's grade IV-VI) were observed in 64.8%. Deep stromal calcium deposits and corneal edema were common. Early amniotic membrane transplantation (AMT) was performed in 81%. Mean BCVA improved from 2.09 ± 0.79 at presentation to 0.80 ± 0.44 logMAR at 1 week, and mean CT reduced from 798.5 ± 141.9 µm to 537.5 ± 39.7 µm. Early signs of limbal stem cell deficiency (LSCD) were seen in severe burns at 4 weeks. Most eyelid burns healed well with collagen sheet application.
conclusionCarbide gun-related ocular trauma causes severe, vision-threatening thermochemical ocular injuries predominantly in children and adolescents. Early AMT improves short-term outcomes, but severe grade burns carry a high risk of LSCD. Public awareness, regulation of calcium carbide availability, and social media control are needed to prevent avoidable blindness.
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