ArticleThe Lancet regional health. Southeast Asia2026
Soil-transmitted helminthiasis prevalence and infection intensity among school-going children in Timor-Leste after the prolonged interruption of deworming: a cross-sectional survey (2025).
Article in The Lancet regional health. Southeast Asia, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Background: Timor-Leste reduced soil-transmitted helminth (STH) prevalence from 29% to 18% by 2020 through mass drug administration (MDA) in 2015-2019. School-based deworming was interrupted for nearly four years during the COVID-19 pandemic and resumed in 2022 in 3 municipalities and nationwide in 2024. We aimed to estimate STH prevalence, geographical distribution and associated factors following the re-introduction of MDA. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional, school-based survey from 26 February to 1 May 2025 across all 14 municipalities of Timor-Leste, sampling two schools per municipality and targeting 50 children between 6 and 14 years of age per school. We employed the Kato-Katz technique for stool sample analysis which is the WHO-recommended method for STH surveillance. Associations between STH infection and risk factors were assessed using univariate and multivariable logistic regression. Findings: Out of 1960 children, 1236 (63·1%) provided analysable samples (615 [49·8%] girls, 621 [50·2%] boys); median age of the children was 8·7 years (IQR 8-10, range 6-14); ethnicity data was not available. Weighted national STH prevalence was 29·3% (95% CI 24·3-34·2), close to the 2012 baseline (29%) and above the 2020 figure (18%). Prevalence ranged from 2·2% (Oe-Cusse) to 91·5% (Manatuto). Interpretation: National STH prevalence has returned to near pre-control levels after the pandemic-related interruption of school-based deworming. Restoring and strengthening school-based deworming, with twice-yearly MDA where prevalence is at least 50%, along with WASH measures and community engagement is needed to regain control. Funding: This study was funded by the Korea International Cooperation Agency (KOICA) and the United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs (UNDESA).
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