ArticleAnemia2026
Spatial Patterns and Determinants of Childhood Anemia in the Democratic Republic of Congo: Evidence From the 2023/2024 DHS.
Article in Anemia, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Background: Anemia in children is a serious public health issue in low-income settings, particularly sub-Saharan Africa. In the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), evidence on the geographic distribution and multilevel determinants of childhood anemia remains limited. This study aimed to examine the spatial pattern and identify individual, household, and community-level determinants of anemia among children aged 6-59 months in the DRC. Methods: A secondary analysis was conducted using data from the 2023/2024 DRC-DHS. A weighted sample of 9449 children aged 6-59 months was included. Spatial analyses were performed using Global Moran's I, Getis-Ord Gi∗, and Kriging interpolation techniques to assess geographic clustering and spatial patterns of childhood anemia. Multilevel binary logistic regression models were fitted to identify factors associated with childhood anemia, and adjusted odds ratios (AORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were reported. Results: Of the 9449 children, 6092 (64.5%) were anemic. Spatial analysis showed significant geographic clustering of anemia in the DRC (Moran's I = 0.516, Conclusion: Childhood anemia in the DRC remains highly prevalent and spatially clustered, with western and northern provinces particularly affected. Individual, household, and community factors were identified as significant determinants of anemia risk. Targeted interventions focusing on high-risk regions, nutritional support, maternal health, and socioeconomic improvements are critical to reducing childhood anemia in the DRC.
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