ArticleNuclear medicine and molecular imaging2026
Site-Specific Patterns of Distant Relapse on ^18F-FDG PET/Contrast-Enhanced CT According to Molecular Subtype in Breast Cancer: A Retrospective Cohort Study.
Article in Nuclear medicine and molecular imaging, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Purpose: To describe the site-specific distribution of distant relapse detected by integrated ^18F-FDG PET/contrast-enhanced CT (PET/ceCT) in breast cancer patients and to explore its association with molecular subtype and clinicopathological features. Methods: This retrospective study included 177 postoperative breast cancer patients who underwent PET/ceCT during follow-up/restaging for suspected recurrence. Clinical and pathological data were extracted from a manually curated institutional database, including type of surgery, pathological T stage, pathological nodal status, histology, molecular subtype, PET/ceCT date, and PET/ceCT-detected site of relapse. Site-specific analyses were performed in patients with codable distant relapse. Results: A PET/ceCT relapse-site entry was available in 141/177 patients (79.7%), and 137/177 (77.4%) had codable distant relapse. Molecular subtype was available in 166/177 patients (93.8%). Bone was the most frequent site of distant relapse (81/137, 59.1%), followed by lung (44/137, 32.1%), distant lymph nodes (41/137, 29.9%), and liver (40/137, 29.2%); brain involvement was uncommon (8/137, 5.8%). Single-site and multisite relapse were observed in 70/137 (51.1%) and 67/137 (48.9%) patients, respectively. Bone involvement was significantly more frequent in luminal than in non-luminal tumors (65/101, 64.4% vs 11/29, 37.9%; p=0.018). Conclusion: PET/ceCT disclosed non-random and biologically meaningful patterns of distant relapse in breast cancer. Bone-dominant relapse was the prevailing phenotype overall and was significantly associated with luminal disease, whereas non-luminal tumors showed relatively more visceral and multisite dissemination.
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