ArticleAesthetic plastic surgery2026
Endoscopic Periorbital and Midface Rejuvenation with Direct Fixation: An Alternative to Suspension Techniques.
Article in Aesthetic plastic surgery, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundEarly aging changes of the periorbital-midface unit frequently present as lateral brow descent, lid-cheek elongation, and early midface ptosis. Conventional facelift procedures may be unnecessarily invasive in such patients, while isolated brow-lifting techniques often fail to adequately address the functional continuity of the periorbital-midface complex.
objectivesThis study introduces the endoscopic periorbital and midface rejuvenation with direct fixation technique, which is designed to achieve stable repositioning of the periorbital-midface unit through anatomically guided mobilization and direct periosteal fixation.
methodsThe technique includes a transtemporal incision and dissection under endoscopic visualization, sequential release of temporal ligamentous structures, entry into the prezygomatic space, vertical mobilization, direct fixation of the malar fat pad to the periosteum of the lateral orbital rim and temporal lifting using barbed sutures. Objective outcomes were assessed using standardized photographic measurements, and patient-reported outcomes were evaluated using FACE-Q domains.
resultsThe study included 62 patients with a mean follow-up of 15.2 months. Significant improvements were observed in brow height (mean increase 18.3%), lateral canthal angle (8.4%), and lower eyelid length (mean reduction 19.7%) (p < 0.05). FACE-Q scores improved significantly across all evaluated domains. No major complications and no temporary or permanent zygomatic branch injury occurred. Transient frontal branch neuropraxia lasting longer than 1 month was observed in three patients (4.8%).
conclusionsEndoscopic periorbital and midface rejuvenation with direct fixation provides effective improvement of the brow-periorbital-midface complex with a favorable safety profile. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE IV: Therapeutic study. This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each submission to which Evidence-Based Medicine rankings are applicable. This excludes Review Articles, Book Reviews, and manuscripts that concern Basic Science, Animal Studies, Cadaver Studies, and Experimental Studies. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266.
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