Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42821191›Full record

ArticleMikrochimica acta2026

Covalent Michael-type recognition-based dual-mode sensing platform using thiol-functionalized nitrogen-doped carbon dots and Fe-MOF nanozyme for ultrasensitive patulin detection.

Ashraf M Mahmoud, Ali O Alqarni, Rayed Ali A Alqahtani, Yahya S Alqahtani, Bandar A Alyami, Sameera Sh Mohammed Ameen, Khalid M Omer, Mohamed M El-Wekil, Ramadan Ali, Al-Montaser Bellah H Ali

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Article in Mikrochimica acta, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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5 · Who and what money

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10 authors.

Ashraf M MahmoudDepartment of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Najran University, Najran, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Ali O AlqarniDepartment of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Najran University, Najran, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. aoalqarni@nu.edu.sa.
Rayed Ali A AlqahtaniDepartment of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Najran University, Najran, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Yahya S AlqahtaniDepartment of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Najran University, Najran, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Bandar A AlyamiDepartment of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Najran University, Najran, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Sameera Sh Mohammed AmeenDepartment of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Zakho, Zakho, 42002, Kurdistan Region, Iraq.
Khalid M OmerDepartment of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Sulaimani, Sulaymaniyah, 46002, Kurdistan Region, Iraq.
Mohamed M El-WekilDepartment of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt.
Ramadan AliDepartment of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, Egypt.
Al-Montaser Bellah H AliDepartment of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Patulin is a toxic mycotoxin commonly found in apple and fruit products, requiring sensitive and reliable detection methods. Herein, a novel dual-mode sensing platform integrating turn-off fluorescence and colorimetric detection was developed for rapid patulin determination in apple juice. The strategy exploits patulin's unique electrophilic reactivity toward thiols across two independent signal channels. Thiol-functionalized nitrogen-doped carbon dots (SH-N-CDs) serve as both recognition element and signal transducer, where direct covalent Michael-type addition of patulin onto the CD surface induces static fluorescence quenching confirmed by time-resolved lifetime measurements and XPS analysis. Simultaneously, patulin consumes free cysteine through PAT-cysteine adduct formation, relieving cysteine-mediated inhibition of Fe-MOF nanozyme peroxidase-like activity and restoring TMB oxidation to generate a proportional colorimetric signal. Under optimized conditions, the fluorometric and colorimetric methods exhibited linear ranges of 0.1-50.0 and 5.0-50.0 µg/L with limits of detection of 0.026 and 2.11 µg/L, respectively. Satisfactory recoveries of 97.0-100.4% with RSDs below 3.8% were obtained in spiked apple juice samples, with results showing no statistically significant difference from reference HPLC analysis. Successful determination of patulin in ten commercial apple juice samples further confirms the practical applicability of the proposed platform for routine food safety monitoring.

Indexed as

Carbon Quantum DotsPatulinSulfhydryl CompoundsColorimetryFluorescent Chemosensor CompoundsFruit and Vegetable JuicesIronLimit of DetectionMalusNitrogenQuantum DotsSpectrometry, FluorescenceFluorescent Chemosensor CompoundsIronNitrogenPatulinSulfhydryl CompoundsApple juice analysisDual-mode sensingFe-MOF nanozymePatulinThiol-functionalized carbon dots

Identifiers

PMID42821191

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.