Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42821169›Full record

ArticleRheumatology international2026

Association between ClinFIT, pain, disability, and spinal mobility in patients with chronic nonspecific low back pain: single-arm prospective pre-post cohort study.

Ivan Ljudevit Caktaš, Frane Grubišić, Porin Perić, Kristina Kovač Durmiš, Iva Žagar, Ivan Jurak, Sandra Ćulap, Filip Horvatiček, Doroteja Caktaš

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Article in Rheumatology international, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Ivan Ljudevit CaktašDepartment of Rheumatic Diseases and Rehabilitation, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8793-9349
Frane GrubišićDepartment of Rheumatology, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University Hospital Centre Sisters of Mercy, Zagreb, Croatia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3429-0849
Porin PerićDepartment of Rheumatic Diseases and Rehabilitation, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7416-1868
Kristina Kovač DurmišDepartment of Rheumatic Diseases and Rehabilitation, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8716-4654
Iva ŽagarDepartment of Rheumatic Diseases and Rehabilitation, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2168-7078
Ivan JurakUniversity of Applied Health Sciences, Zagreb, Croatia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7682-6077
Sandra ĆulapDepartment of Rheumatic Diseases and Rehabilitation, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia. culapsandra@gmail.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0007-8041-9192
Filip HorvatičekSpecial Hospital for Medical Rehabilitation Stubičke Toplice, Stubičke Toplice, Croatia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0000-4351-4712
Doroteja CaktašDepartment of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, University Hospital Dubrava, Zagreb, Croatia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1209-1785

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The aim of this study was to evaluate changes in functioning during rehabilitation using ClinFIT and to identify baseline predictors of post-treatment functional status. In this prospective single-arm pre-post study, 123 patients with cLBP (mean age 51.8 ± 9.1 years) completed a standardised 4-week physiotherapy programme. Participants were assessed at baseline, mid-treatment, and post-treatment. Functioning was measured with ClinFIT, disability with RMDQ, pain intensity with VAS, and spinal mobility with the Schober, reclination and Thomayer tests and sagittal mobility index. Changes over time were assessed with Friedman tests. Hierarchical multivariable linear regression identified independent predictors of post-treatment ClinFIT scores, controlling for age, sex, and BMI. All outcomes improved significantly during treatment (all Friedman tests p < 0.001; Kendall's W 0.18-0.52). ClinFIT correlated moderately with RMDQ (ρ = 0.54-0.62) and VAS (ρ = 0.48-0.56), and only weakly with objective spinal mobility measures (Thomayer ρ = 0.26-0.32; Schober correlations were non-significant). In the final multivariable regression model (R² =0.616, adjusted R² =0.578, p < 0.001), baseline ClinFIT was the strongest predictor of post-treatment functioning (β = 0.67, p < 0.001). Baseline RMDQ, age, sex, BMI, employment status, disease duration and objective mobility measures were not significant independent predictors. Patients with cLBP improved significantly in functioning, pain, disability, and spinal mobility over the rehabilitation period. Baseline functional status was the strongest predictor of post-treatment functioning, although this partly reflect the use of the same instrument at both time points. Objective mobility measures showed limited independent value. ClinFIT appears to be a promising tool for monitoring functioning in rehabilitation settings.

Indexed as

Chronic PainLow Back PainPhysical Therapy ModalitiesSpineAdultDisability EvaluationFemaleHumansLinear ModelsMaleMiddle AgedMultivariate AnalysisPain MeasurementProspective StudiesRange of Motion, ArticularRecovery of FunctionChronic painDisability evaluationInternational Classification of Functioning, Disability and HealthLow back painPhysical therapy modalitiesProspective study

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.