ArticleJournal of psychiatry & neuroscience : JPN2026
Fronto-cingulate gamma synchrony predicts deep brain stimulation response in treatment-resistant depression: preliminary evidence.
Article in Journal of psychiatry & neuroscience : JPN, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundGamma-band activity has been linked to cognitive-affective processing in depression. However, its role in deep brain stimulation (DBS) response in treatment-resistant depression (TRD) remains unclear. This exploratory study investigated whether ventral capsule/ventral striatum DBS (VCVS-DBS) modulates gamma activity during cognitive-affective processing and whether DBS-related gamma changes are associated with improvement in depressive symptoms.
methodsSeven participants with TRD completed an affective Multi-Source Interference Task during DBS ON and OFF. Source-localized electroencephalography estimated local gamma power, synchrony, and effective connectivity in fronto-cingulate regions. DBS- and task-related effects were identified with cluster-based permutation testing, and follow-up analyses used Bayesian modeling.
resultsDuring cognitive control under affective context, VCVS-DBS was associated with increased mid-gamma (41-55 Hz) power in left dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (L-dACC) and right ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (R-VLPFC) after affective stimuli. In the time window where power increases overlapped (0.76-0.86 s), DBS was also associated with increased mid-gamma synchrony between these regions. The DBS-related increase in synchrony-not local power-was associated with clinical improvement (Bayesian Spearman ρ = 0.52). Granger causality further indicated that effective connectivity shifted toward greater L-dACC influence over R-VLPFC during DBS. Exploratory cross-validation suggested that DBS-related synchrony change and baseline effective connectivity together accounted for individual differences in clinical improvement. LIMITATIONS: The primary limitation was the necessarily small sample size, which was partially addressed using Bayesian analyses leveraging extensive within-participant data.
conclusionsThese preliminary findings suggest that VCVS-DBS may engage a fronto-cingulate gamma network involved in cognitive-affective control in TRD. They further suggest that clinical response may depend on both baseline dACC-VLPFC network organization and DBS-related modulation of gamma synchrony, highlighting potential relevance to cognitive-affective regulation across psychiatric disorders. Given the small sample size, these findings should be considered hypothesis-generating and require confirmation in larger cohorts.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.