ArticleIndian journal of anaesthesia2026
A VOSviewer® and iCite®-based bibliometric study on target-controlled infusions in anaesthesia.
Article in Indian journal of anaesthesia, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
1 author.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background and Aims: The preceding three decades of anaesthetic practice have witnessed rapid technological advancements in digital applications of total intravenous anaesthesia and bispectral index monitoring using target-controlled infusions (TCIs) of intravenous (IV) anaesthetics that suit the unique drug dosing requirements in different clinical contexts. This bibliometric study aimed to explore the current research trends and emerging domains of TCI use through a literature search of existing published articles. Methods: The PubMed data repository was searched for literature on 26 February 2026 using the keywords "Target controlled infusion" OR TCI OR "Computer controlled infusion" AND "Anesthesia" for the timeline 1995-2026. A dataset of 1305 publications filtered therein were evaluated for visualisation patterns weighted to network and overlay weighted link strength of author keywords using VOSviewer® and citation metrics using iCite®. Results: The top 10 keywords that co-occurred with the index search keywords were propofol, remifentanil, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, dexmedetomidine, sedation, sevoflurane, bispectral index, remimazolam, and general anesthesia. Authorship analysis in VOSviewer® yielded a total of 5244 authors from 2024 organisations with 14 authors having at least 10 publications. Analysis with the iCite® revealed a total of 26,667 citations altogether for the 1305 articles in the dataset with 460 being the citation count of the maximum cited article. Conclusion: Bibliometrics reveal distinct research trends of various IV anaesthetics for TCI. Wider clinical utilisation of newly evolved TCI models, integration of artificial intelligence to TCI systems, and closed-loop TCI systems may be newer horizons of knowledge that future research need to elucidate.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.