ArticleGlobal challenges (Hoboken, NJ)2026
A Cradle-to-Gate Life Cycle Assessment of Sustainable All-Cellulose Composites Using Imidazolium-Based Ionic Liquid.
Article in Global challenges (Hoboken, NJ), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
All-cellulose composites (ACCs) are single-component bio-based green composites made from cellulose, enabling simplified recycling because ACCs have no chemical incompatibility between their matrix and reinforcement fibers. Yet, few life cycle assessment (LCA) studies have examined environmental performance of ACCs. This study assessed the ACC sustainability through a cradle-to-gate LCA following the ISO 14040: 2006 framework. ACCs were produced via cellulose dissolution in either stand-alone ionic liquid 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate (EMIM OAc) or with its co-solvent dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). DMSO served as a co-solvent to reduce the EMIM OAc viscosity and improve cellulose dissolution. The E60D40 solvent (60 wt.% EMIM OAc, 40 wt.% DMSO) exhibited the lowest global warming potential (GWP) at 0.25 kg CO
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