ReviewFrontiers in chemistry2026
Copper nanomaterial antimicrobial coatings: ion release, transparency, and wash durability across biomedical, textile, and packaging applications.
Review in Frontiers in chemistry, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Healthcare-associated infections remain a major burden on health systems, with 8.9 million episodes estimated annually across EU/EEA hospitals and long-term care facilities and approximately 518,000 in US acute care hospitals in 2023, driving demand for persistent antimicrobial surface coatings. Copper nanomaterials (CuNMs) offer multi-mechanism bactericidal and virucidal activity, including membrane disruption, reactive oxygen species generation, and photothermal hyperthermia, at an approximately 150-fold lower feedstock cost than silver, yet commercial deployment remains limited. This review synthesises 498 Scopus-indexed articles (2015-2026) on CuNM antimicrobial coatings to identify the structural barrier to translation. A critical trilemma emerges: no published system simultaneously achieves optical transmittance >80% at 550 nm, ≥2-log bacterial reduction, and durability over ≥50 home launderings or ≥3 months continuous efficacy. The five principal CuNM forms, Cu
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