ReviewFrontiers in cardiovascular medicine2026
Cardiovascular protection beyond glucose lowering: GLP-1 receptor agonists and dual GIP/GLP-1 receptor agonism in contemporary cardiology.
Review in Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) and the dual glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP)/GLP-1 receptor agonist tirzepatide have expanded from glucose-lowering therapy into cardiovascular medicine. In type 2 diabetes, several long-acting GLP-1RAs reduce major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE). SELECT extended this benefit to adults with established cardiovascular disease and overweight or obesity without diabetes, while SOUL demonstrated MACE reduction with oral semaglutide. SURPASS-CVOT established cardiovascular noninferiority of tirzepatide to dulaglutide but did not demonstrate superiority. Obesity-related heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) has emerged as a particularly responsive phenotype: semaglutide improves symptoms and physical function, whereas tirzepatide also reduces worsening heart failure events. FLOW further supports kidney and cardiovascular protection with semaglutide in type 2 diabetes and chronic kidney disease. Randomised human studies support effects on adiposity, haemodynamic burden, inflammation and cardiorenal outcomes, whereas endothelial, coronary microvascular and direct myocardial mechanisms remain less clinically validated. This Review integrates the current evidence, distinguishes randomised outcomes from observational and mechanistic signals, and provides a practical phenotype-directed treatment algorithm incorporating atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, obesity, type 2 diabetes, chronic kidney disease, HFpEF, sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor use and patient-specific treatment constraints. Current practice should be guided by indication-specific outcome evidence rather than weight-loss magnitude or indirect cross-trial comparisons.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.