ArticleCureus2026
Ocular Surface Disorders in Traffic Police Officers in the Union Territory of Puducherry, India: A Cross-Sectional Study.
Article in Cureus, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundTraffic police personnel are chronically exposed to vehicular emissions, environmental pollutants, and ultraviolet radiation, which may adversely affect their ocular health.
aimTo evaluate the ocular surface disorders among traffic police personnel in Puducherry, India, using clinical examination and impression cytology. SETTINGS AND
designA cross-sectional study was conducted among traffic police personnel (n=106) in the Ophthalmology Outpatient Department of the Indira Gandhi Medical College and Research Institute, Puducherry, India. MATERIALS AND
methodsA comprehensive ophthalmic examination, including the Ocular Surface Disease Index Questionnaire (OSDI), Schirmer's test, tear film break-up time (TBUT), and tear meniscus height (TMH) test, was used to assess dry eye. Conjunctival impression cytology was performed to evaluate the microscopic epithelial alterations. Statistical analysis was performed using IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 21.0 (Released 2012; IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, United States). Associations were evaluated using the chi-square test, and the significance level was set at p < 0.05.
resultsAccording to Nelson's grading, 17% of the participants showed Grade 0, 47.2% showed Grade 1, 31.1% showed Grade 2, and 4.7% showed Grade 3. A statistically significant association was observed between the Nelson grade and the years of service in active field duty, the OSDI score, and TBUT (p < 0.05). Dry eye symptoms were present in 78.3%, and work-related stress was reported by 53.8%. The defined exposure in the study was chronic exposure to pollution, dust, and ultraviolet rays for a period of more than one year, and the outcome assessed was squamous metaplasia detected by conjunctival impression cytology, which shows a clear exposure-outcome relationship.
conclusionChronic occupational exposure to air pollution and ultraviolet radiation contributes to dry eye disease and squamous metaplasia among traffic police personnel. Regular screening and preventive strategies are recommended.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.