Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42819202›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in medicine2026

Avenues for medical student research at an institution without a home residency program.

Daniel C Lee, Baotram Nguyen, Brian Grodecki, Meghan K Berkenstock

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Daniel C LeeDepartment of Medicine, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States.
Baotram NguyenDepartment of Medicine, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States.
Brian GrodeckiDepartment of Medicine, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States.
Meghan K BerkenstockDivision of Ocular Immunology, Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Introduction: The goal of this study is to explore the strategies and challenges in obtaining research experiences among medical students pursuing ophthalmology, other surgical subspecialties (OSS), and non-surgical specialties (NSS) at an institution without a home residency for these specialties. Methods: A 20-question confidential survey was distributed to Drexel University College of Medicine medical students spanning 1st year to 4th year and descriptive analyses were utilized to convey our results. Results: Of 93 respondents, there were 22 (33.3%) in ophthalmology, 32 (48.5%) in OSS, and 12 (18.2%) in NSS, while 27 students had incomplete responses or did not specify a specialty preference. Sixty-one respondents (92.4%) were from the Philadelphia campus. The mean confidence in having sufficient research experience to be a competitive applicant was comparable across groups (ophthalmology: 2.76; OSS: 2.67; NSS: 3.50; Discussion: At institutions without specialty-specific home residency programs, early peer mentorship, structured research orientation, and alumni engagement may improve equity in research access and preparation for competitive specialties.

Indexed as

medical studentophthalmologyresearchresearch arms raceresidencyspecialtysubspecialty

Identifiers

PMID42819202
PMCPMC13623724

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.