The Primo Vascular System as a Biophysical Network: A Theoretical Framework for Meridian Function and Autonomic Regulation.

The primo vascular system (PVS) has been proposed as a distinct anatomical network composed of primo vessels and primo nodes distributed within and around blood vessels, lymphatic structures, organs, and connective tissues. Although its biological significance remains incompletely established, experimental observations have raised the possibility that the PVS may participate in forms of interstitial, cellular, or biophysical communication. This technical report presents a conceptual framework integrating the PVS with connective tissue and extracellular matrix organization, interstitial fluid dynamics, and bioelectrical phenomena. Within the proposed model, mechanical or acupuncture-related stimulation may induce local tissue deformation, ionic redistribution, fluid shifts, and changes in electrical properties. These effects could propagate preferentially through anatomically and biophysically heterogeneous tissues, while the PVS is considered as a possible, but currently unconfirmed, coupling substrate. The framework further explores the hypothesis that such preferential pathways could support oscillatory or standing-wave-like behavior and examines whether this concept may contribute to future mechanistic interpretations of meridian organization and acupuncture-point phenomena. Importantly, the model does not establish an anatomical equivalence between the PVS and traditional meridians, nor does it demonstrate that standing-wave phenomena occur within the PVS. Rather, these relationships are presented as testable hypotheses. The framework generates experimentally accessible predictions involving tissue electrical properties, impedance, interstitial dynamics, spatial signal propagation, and autonomic or neurovascular responses. This model is intended to provide a structured basis for experimental investigation of the PVS and its potential role in integrative biophysical communication.