ArticleFrontiers in endocrinology2026
Predictive value of baseline, cumulative exposure and annual mean changes in TyG-related indices for cardiovascular events in older rural adults with cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome stages 0-3: a cohort study.
Article in Frontiers in endocrinology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: The triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index and its derivatives are cost-effective markers of insulin resistance and cardiovascular risk. However, the comparative predictive value of baseline levels, cumulative exposure, and annual mean changes in TyG-related indices remains unclear. This study aimed to systematically compare the predictive performance of multiple dimensions of TyG-related indices for cardiovascular events in rural older adults with cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic (CKM) syndrome stages 0-3. Methods: This cohort study enrolled 4,169 participants aged ≥65 years with no history of cardiovascular events. Longitudinal data from annual standardized health examinations under the National Basic Public Health Services Project were used to calculate baseline, cumulative exposure, and annual mean change values of TyG-related indices. Associations, dose-response relationships, and predictive performance were assessed via accelerated failure time models, restricted cubic spline analyses, time-dependent receiver operating characteristic analyses, and model fit statistics. Linear mixed-effects models were applied to delineate longitudinal trajectories of these indices. Sensitivity analyses were further conducted to verify the robustness of the main findings. Results: During 6 years of follow-up, 822 cardiovascular events were documented. Cardiovascular risk increased progressively with advancing CKM syndrome stages ( Conclusion: Baseline and cumulative TyG-related indices demonstrated stronger associations with cardiovascular events compared with annual mean changes, suggesting that sustained metabolic exposure is more clinically informative than short-term fluctuation. Baseline and cumulative TyG-WC demonstrated relatively better predictive performance and, especially baseline measure, may serve as a simple and low-cost auxiliary tool for cardiovascular risk stratification in resource-constrained primary care settings, though it should not replace conventional cardiovascular risk-assessment instruments.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.