Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42816643›Full record

ArticleNature materials2026

Amplitude-controllable event-driven organic photosensors based on ionic-mediated inhibition.

Chao Zhao, Xudong Su, Xi Chen, Sen Zhang, Zixuan Yuan, Ning Lin, Jinjian Shen, Yuxing Tao, Shijie Wang, Bingjun Wang and 5 more

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Nature materials, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

15 authors.

Chao Zhao *State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9916-9804
Xudong Su *State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.
Xi Chen *School of Microelectronics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China.
Sen ZhangState Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.
Zixuan YuanState Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.
Ning LinSchool of Microelectronics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China.
Jinjian ShenState Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.
Yuxing TaoMOE Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Systems for Aerospace, School of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China.
Shijie WangState Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.
Bingjun WangState Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5832-4081
Tianming LiMOE Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Systems for Aerospace, School of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8694-6643
Xu-Hui LiCollege of Forensic Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China.
Qunping FanState Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China. qunping@xjtu.edu.cn.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3762-1340
Zhongrui WangSchool of Microelectronics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China. wangzr@sustech.edu.cn.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2264-0677
Wei MaState Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China. msewma@xjtu.edu.cn.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7239-2010

Funding

National Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China) 22209131National Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China) 52573347Shenzhen Science and Technology Innovation Commission SGDX20220530111405040
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Next-generation artificial vision systems must integrate rapid temporal-contrast detection with dynamic sensory-gain modulation to prioritize task-relevant stimuli. Conventional semiconductor photosensors lack intrinsic mechanisms for spike generation with tunable amplitude, requiring complex multitransistor architectures and limiting efficiency. Here we report an event-driven organic photosensor that integrates temporal-contrast detection and amplitude modulation within a single active layer by coupling ionic and electronic transport in an organic mixed ionic-electronic conductor. In a bulk heterojunction with a non-fullerene acceptor, fast electron extraction generates excitatory photocurrent spikes, whereas ion-compensated hole accumulation in the organic mixed ionic-electronic conductor donor provides voltage-tunable inhibitory control over spike amplitude-functionally analogous to attentional gain modulation in biological vision. This enables in-sensor amplitude-temporal coding, preserving motion-relevant contrast in bias-weighted optical events and reducing redundant read-out. These results establish ionic-electronic coupling in organic mixed ionic-electronic conductors as a materials strategy for adaptive, low-power neuromorphic vision hardware.

Identifiers

PMID42816643

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.