ArticleProbiotics and antimicrobial proteins2026
Strain-Carrier Matching Strategy Enhances Gastrointestinal Survival and Mucosal Adhesion of Dietary Probiotics Encapsulated in Thiolated Pectin-Alginate Hydrogels.
Article in Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
This study addresses the limitations of conventional probiotic delivery systems by introducing a strain-carrier matching principle, which systematically aligns carrier properties with strain-specific characteristics. A thiolated low-methoxyl pectin/alginate composite hydrogel platform was developed, featuring a mucoadhesive outer layer with thiolated modified pectin to enhance intestinal retention. Two distinct carriers (pectin-based and alginate-based) were systematically evaluated across nine probiotic strains for encapsulation efficiency (92.44 ± 0.23% to 99.86 ± 0.13%), simulated gastrointestinal (GI) survival for 4 h (53.57 ± 0.12% to 96.04 ± 0.47%), and mucoadhesive capacity (22.23 ± 1.90% to 50.31 ± 1.81%). While both systems demonstrated strong adhesive and protective effects under simulated gastrointestinal conditions compared with free cells, significant strain-specific differences in encapsulation performance and survival were observed. Notably, intrinsically acid- and bile-tolerant strains (Lactiplantibacillus plantarum TM3-23 and Pediococcus acidilactici G1-14) exhibited a reduced relative enhancement, revealing that carrier efficacy is fundamentally determined by microbial surface physicochemical properties and inherent physiological resilience. These findings establish the critical "strain-encapsulation carrier" matching principle, revealing that optimal delivery requires aligning carrier properties with specific strain characteristics. This work transcends conventional encapsulation paradigms and provides a theoretical framework for designing next-generation functional foods and strain-carrier matching probiotic products that ensure enhanced intestinal mucoadhesion and stability.
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