ArticleBiologics : targets & therapy2026
Apatinib Plus PD-1 Blockade versus Chemotherapy After Prior Immunotherapy in Advanced Gastric or Gastroesophageal Junction Adenocarcinoma: A Retrospective Cohort Study.
Article in Biologics : targets & therapy, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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4 authors.
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Abstract
Objective: To compare clinical outcomes and safety of apatinib plus programmed death-1 (PD-1) blockade versus single-agent chemotherapy in patients with advanced gastric or gastroesophageal junction (G/GEJ) adenocarcinoma previously exposed to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). Methods: This single-center retrospective cohort included 117 adults with HER2-negative advanced G/GEJ adenocarcinoma treated after discontinuation of an ICI-containing regimen. 59 patients received apatinib plus PD-1 blockade (AP group) and 58 received single-agent chemotherapy (CT group). The primary endpoint was overall survival (OS), secondary endpoints included progression-free survival (PFS), objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), duration of response (DoR), and treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs). Survival was analyzed using Kaplan-Meier methods and Cox regression, stabilized inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) and prespecified sensitivity analyses were used to assess robustness to measured confounding. Results: ORR was numerically higher in the AP group than in the CT group (20.3% vs 8.6%, Conclusion: Apatinib plus PD-1 blockade was associated with longer survival and greater disease control than single-agent chemotherapy. Given the single-center retrospective design, limited sample size, treatment heterogeneity, incomplete biomarker characterization, and potential residual confounding, these findings are hypothesis-generating, do not establish causality, and require prospective validation.
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