ArticleFrontiers in physiology2026
Effects of rapid weight loss and rapid weight regain on oxidant status and muscle damage in judo athletes.
Article in Frontiers in physiology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Background: Athletes in weight-class sports frequently use rapid weight loss (RWL) before the official weigh-in to compete in a lower weight category and potentially gain a competitive advantage. After the weigh-in, rapid weight regain (RWG) is commonly applied to restore body mass before competition. However, repeated weight cycling may impair physiological functions, including redox homeostasis and muscle integrity. This study investigated the effects of RWL and subsequent RWG on oxidative stress and muscle damage markers in male judo athletes. Methods: Eleven male judo athletes (20.8 ± 0.87 years) participated in this repeated-measures study. Assessments were conducted before RWL (pre-RWL), after a 5-day RWL period (post-RWL), and following a 15-h RWG period (post-RWG). Body weight, total oxidant capacity (TOC), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), oxidative stress index (OSI), and myoglobin (Mb) concentrations were measured at each time point. Results: Body weight decreased by 6% following RWL and remained 4% below baseline after RWG (p<0.001). TAC increased by 20% after RWL and remained 11% above baseline following RWG, whereas TOC and OSI decreased by 12% and 28%, respectively, after RWL before increasing to 33% and 21% above baseline following RWG (p < 0.05). Myoglobin increased markedly by 339% after RWL and remained 42% above baseline following RWG (p<0.05). Furthermore, positive correlations were observed between changes in TAC and Mb during both RWL (r=0.727, p<0.05) and RWG (r=0.609, p<0.05). Conclusions: RWL and RWG induced distinct changes in redox homeostasis. RWL was associated with an enhanced antioxidant response, whereas RWG increased oxidative stress, indicating that post-weigh-in recovery strategies may substantially influence oxidative balance. These findings emphasize the importance of monitoring both weight-loss and weight-regain phases in weight-class sport athletes.
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