ReviewIndian journal of ophthalmology2026
Cognitive impairment in glaucoma.
Review in Indian journal of ophthalmology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Glaucoma, while regarded as an isolated ocular disorder, is now increasingly recognized as a component of a wider neurological spectrum. An accumulating body of neuroimaging-based studies have revealed structural and functional changes in the brain that are analogous to those observed in Parkinson's and Alzheimer's disease. These changes are further associated with systemic disturbances, including autonomic dysfunction, neuroinflammation, and elevated cortisol levels. This mounting evidence may elucidate the increased susceptibility of cognitive impairment and dementia observed in individuals with glaucoma. This article presents a narrative review of the existing literature. A thorough search was conducted across various databases, including PubMed, Scopus, and the Embase Library, without restriction on year of publication. This review consolidates various lines of evidence that underscore the common characteristic between glaucomatous optic neuropathy and neurodegenerative disorders. A range of pharmacological (anti-dementia medication, nootropic agent, cerebral metabolizers, and neutraceuticals) and nonpharmacological strategies (regular physical activity, meditation, sleep optimization, and dietary modification) and emerging modalities-including noninvasive brain stimulation, nanotechnology-based drug delivery systems, and artificial intelligence-guided therapeutic models-are broadening the scope of management beyond traditional approaches that not only target intraocular pressure reduction but also may support overall neuro-cognitive wellbeing. The establishment of a multidisciplinary framework is also vital, wherein an ophthalmologist works in collaboration with neurologists, psychologists, and rehabilitation specialists to facilitate thorough cognitive evaluation and timely treatment. This review underscores the need of safeguarding both visual and cognitive functions by recognizing glaucoma as an ocular disorder and neurodegenerative condition, aiming to improve long-term outcomes and quality of life.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.