ArticleGraefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie2026
Association between human immunodeficiency virus infection and the risk of glaucoma: a real-world multicenter cohort study.
Article in Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeTo evaluate the association between human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and the risk of developing glaucoma-related outcomes.
methodsWe conducted a population-based retrospective cohort study using the TriNetX US Network, including adults aged ≥ 20 years with ophthalmology records between January 2003 and December 2022. Individuals with preexisting ocular conditions affecting intraocular pressure, optic nerve structure, or associated with ocular neovascularization were excluded. Eligible patients were categorized based on HIV infection status. Propensity score matching was performed to balance baseline characteristics. Primary outcomes included the incidence of open-angle glaucoma (OAG), preglaucoma, ocular hypertension (OHT), initiation of antiglaucoma medications, and glaucoma-related interventional therapies during the 3-year follow-up. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).
resultsA total of 20,336 patients with HIV infection (mean age: 49.1 ± 12.1 years) were matched to 20,336 individuals without HIV (mean age: 49.2 ± 14.4 years). HIV infection was associated with higher risks of OAG (HR:4.21, 95% CI:3.36-5.28), preglaucoma (HR:2.71, 95% CI:2.46-2.99), and OHT (HR:1.38, 95% CI:1.11-1.72). HIV infection was also associated with higher risks of antiglaucoma medication initiation (3.58% vs. 2.34%; HR, 1.50; 95% CI, 1.33-1.68) and interventional therapy (1.90% vs. 0.78%; HR, 2.37; 95% CI, 1.97-2.85).
conclusionsHIV infection was associated with increased risks of glaucoma-related diagnoses, as well as antiglaucoma medication initiation and interventional procedures. These findings support heightened clinical awareness and ophthalmic surveillance among patients with HIV.
Indexed as
Identifiers
42809008What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.