Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42809000›Full record

ArticleEuropean journal of trauma and emergency surgery : official publication of the European Trauma Society2026

Exploring risk groups for concomitant injuries in facial fracture patients: a data-driven analysis.

Roope Mustasilta, Elias Kultanen, Tero Puolakkainen, Aleksi Haapanen, Hanna Thorén, Johanna Snäll

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Article in European journal of trauma and emergency surgery : official publication of the European Trauma Society, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Roope Mustasilta *Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland. mustasiltaroope@gmail.com.
Elias Kultanen *Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.
Tero PuolakkainenDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.
Aleksi HaapanenDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.
Hanna ThorénDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Turku, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland.
Johanna SnällDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposePatients with facial fractures are a diverse group with varying injury mechanisms and extent of injury. These patients often suffer from concomitant injuries (CIs) of different severity outside the facial region, some of which are life-threatening and may require urgent care. Therefore, early identification of patients at risk for CI is important. This study aimed to investigate exploratory risk groups for concomitant injuries in patients with facial fractures, focusing on the impact of injury energy, sex and age on the prevalence and type of concomitant injury.

methodsIn this retrospective cohort study, a data-driven analysis was used to perform statistical analysis and identify risk groups for different CIs. The study included 4170 patients with facial fractures evaluated at tertiary trauma centres from January 2013 to October 2020.

results70.9% of patients with facial fractures were male. Patients' mean age was 45.7 years. Of the injury mechanisms, 36.0% were classified as high-energy trauma. In all, 31.7% of facial fracture patients had some type of CI. Female patients had more CIs than male patients (34.0% vs. 30.8%). The occurrence of CIs increased progressively with age, peaking in the age group 90-94 years, where over 55% of patients experienced CIs. However, considerable variation was observed in CI types across age groups.

conclusionDue to the high CI risk in facial fracture patients, in conjunction with assessment and imaging of the facial trauma, we encourage routinely ruling out CIs, with a special focus on high-risk CI groups.

Indexed as

Facial BonesFacial InjuriesMultiple TraumaSkull FracturesAdolescentAdultAgedAged, 80 and overAge FactorsFemaleHumansInjury Severity ScoreMaleMiddle AgedRetrospective StudiesRisk FactorsBone fractureFaceFacial injuriesInjuriesJaw fracturesMultiple trauma

Identifiers

PMID42809000
PMCPMC13624038

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