ArticleResearch and reports in tropical medicine2026
Enhanced Topical Treatment of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis Using Niosomal Gel of Tioxolone-Benzoxonium Chloride: In silico, in vitro, and in vivo Evaluation.
Article in Research and reports in tropical medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Background: Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is a neglected tropical disease that poses significant therapeutic challenges owing to its toxicity and low compliance with existing treatments. In this study, we formulated and evaluated niosomal gels containing tioxolone (NT), benzoxonium chloride (NB), and their combination (NTB) for topical application against CL. Methods: Various in silico methods, including homology modeling and molecular docking, were used to assess pharmacological potential. In vitro anti-leishmanial activity was tested against Results: Docking studies showed strong interactions between NT, NB, and NTB and the target proteins. The ADMET analysis indicated that NTB had favorable aqueous solubility (LogS = -3.71) and low toxicity (2.88 mol/kg). In vitro, NTB demonstrated the lowest IC Conclusion: Overall, these findings suggest that the NTB formulation exhibits enhanced pharmacological properties and effective antileishmanial activity, indicating the potential for further clinical research.
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