Therapeutic response to exclusive enteral nutrition correlates with suppressed IL-17 signaling activity and diminished IL-1β secretion in pediatric Crohn's disease.

Wenjuan Tang, Yuhuan Wang, Zifei Tang, Cuifang Zheng, Jieru Shi, Yingying Meng, Ying Huang

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Article in Frontiers in nutrition, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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7 authors.

Wenjuan TangDepartment of Gastroenterology, Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research Center, National Children's Medical Center, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.

Yuhuan WangDepartment of Gastroenterology, Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research Center, National Children's Medical Center, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.

Zifei TangDepartment of Gastroenterology, Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research Center, National Children's Medical Center, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.

Cuifang ZhengDepartment of Gastroenterology, Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research Center, National Children's Medical Center, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.

Jieru ShiDepartment of Gastroenterology, Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research Center, National Children's Medical Center, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.

Yingying MengDepartment of Gastroenterology, Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research Center, National Children's Medical Center, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.

Ying HuangDepartment of Gastroenterology, Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research Center, National Children's Medical Center, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.

Funding

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6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: To identify molecular correlates associated with therapeutic outcomes of exclusive enteral nutrition (EEN) in pediatric Crohn's disease (PCD). Methods: This prospective observational cohort study recruited 27 treatment-naive pediatric patients with endoscopically active PCD. Intestinal mucosal tissues were collected via endoscopy at baseline and after EEN treatment. RNA sequencing, principal component analysis (PCA), protein-protein interaction (PPI) analysis, and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) were performed to identify and validate differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Patients were classified into mucosal healing [MH, Simple Endoscopic Score for Crohn's Disease (SES-CD) < 3, Results: PCA revealed partial transcriptomic segregation between the MH and NMH groups after EEN. Bioinformatic enrichment analysis identified the IL-17 signaling pathway as the most significantly enriched pathway, encompassing nine core DEGs. Integrated qRT-PCR validation and PPI network analysis pinpointed IL-1β as the key target gene. Correlation analysis demonstrated that intestinal mucosal IL-1β expression was moderately and positively correlated with SES-CD scores ( Conclusions: EEN attenuates intestinal inflammation in PCD, and this therapeutic response may associate with suppressed IL-17 signaling activity and reduced IL-1β secretion.

Indexed as

Crohn's diseaseEENIL-17IL-1βpediatric

Identifiers

PMID42807469

DOI10.3389/fnut.2026.1901066

PMCPMC13618058

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