ArticleERJ open research2026
Sputum cathepsin G activity predicts exacerbations and hospitalisations in bronchiectasis.
Article in ERJ open research, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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16 authors.
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Abstract
Background: Bronchiectasis is a neutrophil-driven inflammatory chronic respiratory disease. While neutrophil elastase has been deeply investigated, other neutrophil serine proteases are less studied. The association between airway cathepsin G and clinical outcomes in bronchiectasis has not been described. Is cathepsin G sputum activity associated with clinical outcomes in bronchiectasis? Methods: This international, multicentre, prospective cohort study enrolled bronchiectasis patients from three bronchiectasis programmes in Milan (Italy), Dundee (UK) and Barcelona (Spain). Participants were stratified into three groups based on sputum cathepsin G activity measured using immunoassays. Data on clinical features, sputum characteristics, exacerbations, hospitalisations and mortality were collected over a 3-year follow-up period. Results: The median (interquartile range) activity of cathepsin G in sputum was 45.1 ng·mL Conclusion: Sputum cathepsin G activity relates to disease severity, disease activity and prognosis in bronchiectasis. High cathepsin G levels are associated with more severe clinical outcomes and could serve as a target for future therapeutic interventions, including dipeptidyl peptidase 1 inhibitors.
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