SynthesisFrontiers in oncology2026
Efficacy of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors combined with anti-VEGF/TKIs and TACE in uHCC: a meta-analysis.
Synthesis in Frontiers in oncology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: This study evaluated the efficacy of transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) combined with anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)/tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) and programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1)/programmed cell death protein ligand 1 (PD-L1) inhibitors in the treatment of unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (uHCC). Methods: Four databases were searched for studies evaluating the efficacy of TACE combined with anti-VEGF/TKIs and PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors in uHCC. Pooled data were analyzed using random-effects models, with hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence intervals reported. Overall survival (OS) was the primary outcome, and progression-free survival (PFS) was a secondary outcome. Subgroup analyses were performed based on treatment regimens, therapy setting, and the sequencing of TACE and systemic therapy. Results: A total of 53 studies (3 multicentre randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and 50 cohort studies) comprising over 10, 000 patients were included. Patients receiving triple therapy may derive greater OS (HR = 0.47, p<0.001) and PFS (HR = 0.52, p<0.001) benefits than those receiving other regimens. In OS subgroups, across various combinations, the TACE-bevacizumab-atezolizumab (HR = 0.44, p<0.001) and TACE-lenvatinib-tislelizumab regimens (HR = 0.44, p<0.001) appear to derive greater benefit. In contrast, the TACE-lenvatinib-pembrolizumab combination appears to show less benefit (HR = 0.67, p<0.001). Additionally, patients could potentially carry greater OS benefit with triple therapy, regardless of whether TACE was performed first (HR = 0.46, p<0.001) or systemic therapy was followed by TACE (HR = 0.42, p=0.001). Regarding treatment setting, the first-line group may obtain greater OS benefit (HR = 0.47, p<0.001), and the non-first-line group may also derive greater benefit (HR = 0.34, p=0.001). Conclusion: Triple therapy (TACE with anti-VEGF/TKIs and PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors) could significantly improve prognosis in uHCC, and its efficacy may vary depending on the treatment regimen, including the drug combination, treatment sequence, and lines. Systematic Review Registration: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/view/CRD420251151703, identifier CRD420251151703.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.