Observational studyFrontiers in endocrinology2026
Vaginal Nugent Lactobacillus morphotype score and endometrial pathogen detection: a two-centre retrospective study.
Observational study in Frontiers in endocrinology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
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Abstract
Introduction: This two-centre retrospective observational study investigated whether the vaginal Nugent Methods: The study included 282 women (Centre A, n = 92; Centre B, n = 190) who underwent simultaneous vaginal Nugent scoring and endometrial quantitative PCR between March and December 2025. Women who had used antibiotics within one month or any probiotics before testing were excluded. Associations were assessed by Spearman rank correlation and by multivariable logistic regression adjusted for centre, age, BMI, and recurrent implantation failure. Results: LMS was positively associated with endometrial pathogen detection (ρ = +0.229, p < 0.001). After adjustment for centre, age, BMI, and recurrent implantation failure, each one-point increase in LMS was associated with higher odds of pathogen detection (adjusted OR 1.40, 95% CI 1.17-1.68; p < 0.001). However, discriminatory performance was limited (AUC 0.636, 95% CI 0.567-0.705), and pathogen detection remained 23.3% at LMS 0. LMS was negatively correlated with total intrauterine Discussion: Vaginal LMS is an associated preliminary non-invasive indicator, but it cannot substitute for direct endometrial assessment or reliably exclude endometrial pathogen detection.
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