Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42806942›Full record

ArticleCardiology in the young2026

Human milk and breastfeeding support in United States paediatric cardiac ICUs: a multicentre cohort and survey study.

Kristin M Elgersma, Brian F Joy, Zuofu Huang, Monique R Radman, Kimberly I Mills, Jennifer E Schramm, Joshua H Wong, Meghan M Chlebowski, Asaad G Beshish, Raya Safa and 17 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Cardiology in the young, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

27 authors.

Kristin M ElgersmaUniversity of Minnesota, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6559-0812
Brian F JoyUniversity of Minnesota, USA.
Zuofu HuangUniversity of Minnesota, USA.
Monique R RadmanUniversity of Washington, USA.
Kimberly I MillsBoston Children's Hospital, USA.
Jennifer E SchrammJohns Hopkins University, USA.
Joshua H WongAdvocate Children's Hospital, USA.
Meghan M ChlebowskiUniversity of Cincinnati School of Medicine, USA.
Asaad G BeshishEmory University School of Medicine, USA.
Raya SafaAnn & Robert H Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3171-9862
Dana MuellerUniversity of California San Diego, USA.
Brittany L ShutesThe Ohio State University College of Medicine, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0007-9960-1234
Saul FloresBaylor College of Medicine, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6274-5775
Jamie M Furlong-DillardUniversity of Louisville School of Medicine, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1659-6884
Sukumar Suguna NarasimhuluUniversity of Florida College of Medicine, USA.
Andrea BeachLucile Packard Children's Hospital at Stanford Pediatrics, USA.
Stephanie GoldsteinUniversity of Utah, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1236-7964
K Sofia MendietaChildren's National Medical Center, USA.
Reshma ReddyMedical University of South Carolina, USA.
Nimrod GoldshtromColumbia University Irving Medical Center, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9338-508X
Jordan SchneiderCentral Michigan University College of Medicine, USA.
Grace LiaoCohen Children's Medical Center, USA.
Ahmed AsfariThe University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, USA.
Karan B KarkiUniversity of Tennessee Health Science Center, USA.
Robert Marcel T HuibonhoaUniversity of Illinois College of Medicine, USA.
Christopher W MastropietroIndiana University School of Medicine, USA.
Katherine CashenDuke University and Duke University Health System, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8854-5085

Funding

University of Minnesota Clinical and Translational Science Institute (UMN CTSI)UM1TR004405 · NCATS · UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA · PI Bruce R Blazar, Damien A Fair · 2023 to 2026
$30.8M
CTSA K12 Program at University of MinnesotaK12TR004373 · NCATS · UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA · PI David H Ingbar · 2024 to 2026
$3.2M
NCATS NIH HHS K12 TR004373NCATS NIH HHS UM1 TR004405
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Human milk and direct breastfeeding are recommended for all infants, but rates are low in CHD with limited data on institutional lactation support. We aimed to describe lactation-supportive practices within US paediatric cardiac ICUs and to determine associations between these practices and human milk/breastfeeding outcomes. This retrospective cohort study and site survey included centres from Collaborative Research from the Pediatric Cardiac Intensive Care Society. Linear regression assessed associations between the total number of lactation-supportive practices and sites' human milk and breastfeeding percentages, during the neonatal period and at discharge. Potentially strong clinical practices were identified through a phased analysis. Survey respondents represented 34 sites, with detailed data for 832 patients from 24 sites. Implementation of 22 lactation-supportive practices varied (median: 10; range: 2-20); smaller sites reported fewer practices (

Indexed as

breastfeedingcongenitalheart defectshumaninfantmilknutritionpaediatric cardiac critical care

Identifiers

PMID42806942
PMCPMC13629487

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.