ArticleEuropean journal of applied physiology2026
Radial pressure wave treatment accelerates recovery from immobilization-induced soleus muscle atrophy and improves ankle range of motion in mice.
Article in European journal of applied physiology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
purposeDisuse muscle atrophy following immobilization is characterized by decreased muscle mass and reduced joint range of motion (ROM). Radial pressure wave (RPW) treatment is a non-invasive modality that delivers mechanical energy to musculoskeletal tissues, but its efficacy in skeletal muscle recovery from disuse atrophy remains largely unknown. We examined whether RPW treatment accelerates soleus muscle structural recovery and passive ankle dorsiflexion ROM following immobilization-induced atrophy in mice. Furthermore, we investigated the underlying molecular signaling cascades and gene expression profiles associated with RPW-mediated recovery.
methodsMale C57BL/6 J mice ([Formula: see text] per group) underwent 14 days of unilateral hindlimb immobilization, followed by a 7-day recovery period with or without RPW treatment (1 bar, 10 Hz, 2,000 pulses, three sessions on alternate days). Soleus muscle mass, fiber cross-sectional area (CSA), and passive ankle dorsiflexion ROM were assessed. Candidate genes identified as differentially expressed by exploratory RNA-sequencing in one mouse per group ([Formula: see text]) were subsequently evaluated by quantitative PCR and immunoblotting across all animals in the full cohort ([Formula: see text] per group).
resultsRPW treatment increased fiber CSA to [Formula: see text] (vs. [Formula: see text] in the sham group) and improved ankle dorsiflexion ROM to [Formula: see text] (vs. [Formula: see text]). Gene set enrichment analysis revealed suppression of the forkhead box O (FoxO) signaling pathway and enrichment of the extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling pathway. Igf1 expression was higher in the RPW group ([Formula: see text]-fold vs. sham: [Formula: see text]-fold), accompanied by elevated Akt phosphorylation. Col3a1 was uniquely upregulated in the RPW group ([Formula: see text]-fold vs. [Formula: see text]-fold).
conclusionRPW treatment accelerates the recovery of soleus muscle structure and improves passive ankle dorsiflexion ROM following immobilization-induced atrophy in mice.
Indexed as
Identifiers
42806073What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.