Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42804440›Full record

Trial reportPloS one2026

Comparative study on the clinical effectiveness of low-concentration cyclosporine eye drops in patients with dry eye disease.

Jae Hyun Kim, Hui Kyung Kim, Young-Joo Shin, Chul Young Choi, Hong Kyun Kim, Eunchul Kim, Jae Yong Kim, Ji Eun Lee, SunWoong Kim, Moonwon Hwang and 3 more

Registry-linked trialAbstract readRandomized Controlled TrialMulticenter StudyComparative Study
In one paragraph

Trial report in PloS one, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05733624 (A Multicenter, Active Control, Parallel Group, Randomized, Double-blind, Phase II Clinical Trial to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of SCAI-001 Eye Drops in Patients With Dry Eye Disease), which is not on this map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT05733624 phase2completednot on this map

A Multicenter, Active Control, Parallel Group, Randomized, Double-blind, Phase II Clinical Trial to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of SCAI-001 Eye Drops in Patients With Dry Eye Disease

TypeinterventionalSponsorSCAI TherapeuticsRan2023 to 2024Enrolled116ConditionsDry Eye SyndromesArmsSCAI-001 0.01% eyedrop, SCAI-001 0.02% eyedrop, Restasis 0.05% eyedrop
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Jae Hyun KimDepartment of Ophthalmology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Busan, South Korea.
Hui Kyung KimDepartment of Ophthalmology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Busan, South Korea.
Young-Joo ShinDepartment of Ophthalmology, Hallym University Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Seoul, South Korea.
Chul Young ChoiDepartment of Ophthalmology, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Seoul, South Korea.
Hong Kyun KimDepartment of Ophthalmology, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, South Korea.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9283-3506
Eunchul KimDepartment of Ophthalmology, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon ST. Mary's Hospital, Bucheon, South Korea.
Jae Yong KimDepartment of Ophthalmology, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea.
Ji Eun LeeDepartment of Ophthalmology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, South Korea.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4927-2854
SunWoong KimDepartment of Ophthalmology, Yonsei University Wonju Severance Christian Hospital, Wonju, South Korea.
Moonwon HwangDepartment of Ophthalmology, Inje University Busan Paik Hospital, Busan, South Korea.
Jong-Seok SongDepartment of Ophthalmology, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, South Korea.
Dong Hyun KimDepartment of Ophthalmology, Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, South Korea.
Jong Soo LeeDepartment of Ophthalmology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Busan, South Korea.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1052-2924

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeThis study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of low-concentration, nanoparticle-based cyclosporine eye drops (SCAI-001 0.01% and SCAI-001 0.02%) compared to those of the conventional Restasis® (cyclosporine 0.05%) emulsion for dry eye disease (DED).

methodsIn this multicenter, randomized, double-blind, Phase 2 trial, patients with DED were assigned to three groups: SCAI-001 0.01%, SCAI-001 0.02%, and Restasis. The primary efficacy endpoint was the change in tear volume after 12 weeks. Secondary efficacy endpoints included changes in tear volume at 4 and 8 weeks, corneal and conjunctival surface staining scores, tear film breakup time (TBUT), standard patient evaluation of eye dryness questionnaire score (SPEED), and ocular surface disease index (OSDI) at 4, 8, and 12 weeks.

resultsTear volume increased in all groups at 12 weeks without intergroup differences. SCAI-001 0.01% and SCAI-001 0.02% achieved earlier improvements in tear volume at 4 weeks than that of Restasis, although no significant between-group difference was observed at any time point. Conjunctival surface scores improved in all groups at 4, 8, and 12 weeks, excluding 4 weeks of Restasis. Conjunctival staining improved to a greater extent with SCAI-001 0.01% than with Restasis at weeks 4 and 8. Corneal surface scores, TBUT, SPEED, and OSDI scores improved in all groups at 4, 8, and 12 weeks without intergroup differences.

conclusionsLow-concentration cyclosporine (SCAI-001 0.01% and SCAI-001 0.02%) demonstrated efficacy and safety comparable to that of Restasis in improving DED measures.

trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05733624.

Indexed as

CyclosporineDry Eye SyndromesOphthalmic SolutionsAdultAgedConjunctivaDouble-Blind MethodFemaleHumansImmunosuppressive AgentsMaleMiddle AgedTearsTreatment OutcomeCyclosporineImmunosuppressive AgentsOphthalmic Solutions

Identifiers

PMID42804440
PMCPMC13618915

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.