ArticleEndocrine2026
Association of coexisting celiac disease with macrovascular and microvascular complications in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a retrospective propensity score-matched cohort study.
Article in Endocrine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundCeliac disease (CD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are increasingly recognized as overlapping metabolic conditions. However, the impact of concomitant CD on diabetes-related complications and metabolic outcomes in patients with T2DM remains poorly characterized. We aimed to compare clinical outcomes between patients with T2DM and CD versus patients without CD.
methodsWe performed a retrospective multicenter electronic health record (EHR)-based cohort study using the TriNetX research network. Adults with T2DM and concomitant CD were identified using ICD-10-CM codes for T2DM and CD, along with either markedly elevated tissue transglutaminase IgA levels or upper endoscopy procedures. Propensity score matching (1:1) was performed for demographics, cardiovascular risk factors, lipid disorders, medications, and laboratory markers, yielding 8,760 patients per cohort. Outcomes included albuminuria, depression, anxiety, severe hyperglycemia, ophthalmic complications, hospitalization, neuropathy, nephropathy, and a composite cardiovascular outcome.
resultsAfter matching, patients with T2DM and CD had significantly higher hazards of albuminuria (HR 1.30, 95% CI 1.15-1.46), depression (HR 1.14, 95% CI 1.07-1.21), anxiety (HR 1.12, 95% CI 1.06-1.18), severe hyperglycemia (HR 1.39, 95% CI 1.27-1.53), ophthalmic complications (HR 1.77, 95% CI 1.55-2.02), neuropathy (HR 1.73, 95% CI 1.59-1.88), nephropathy (HR 1.13, 95% CI 1.04-1.22), and a composite cardiovascular outcome (HR 1.09, 95% CI 1.01-1.17) compared with matched controls. Hospitalization risk did not differ between cohorts (HR 0.97, 95% CI 0.92-1.01). Mean follow-up after matching were 1,574 days and 1,438 days.
conclusionsAmong patients with T2DM, concomitant CD was associated with significantly higher risks of macro and microvascular diabetic complications, and psychiatric comorbidities.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.