Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42802896›Full record

Observational studyJournal of diabetes2026

Effectiveness and Safety of Fixed-Dose Combination Metformin and Empagliflozin in Type 2 Diabetes: A Prospective, Multicenter, Real-World Study From China.

Weijian Ke, Yinghong Kong, Songbo Fu, Liyun Wang, Ying Pan, Shao Zhong, Yanhua Jiang, Hui Chen, Xuehua Jiao, Fuxing Sha and 42 more

Abstract readMulticenter StudyObservational Study
In one paragraph

Observational study in Journal of diabetes, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

52 authors.

Weijian KeDepartment of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5158-2245
Yinghong KongDepartment of Endocrinology, Changshu No.2 People's Hospital, Affiliated Changshu Hospital of Nantong University, Changshu, China.
Songbo FuDepartment of Endocrinology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.
Liyun WangDepartment of Endocrinology, Yixing People's Hospital, Yixing, China.
Ying PanDepartment of Endocrinology, Affiliated Kunshan Hospital of Jiangsu University (The First People's Hospital of Kunshan), Suzhou, China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9935-6194
Shao ZhongDepartment of Endocrinology, Affiliated Kunshan Hospital of Jiangsu University (The First People's Hospital of Kunshan), Suzhou, China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9054-6554
Yanhua JiangDepartment of Endocrinology, Iron Coal General Hospital of Liaoning Health Industry Group, Tieling, China.
Hui ChenDepartment of Endocrinology, The Second Hospital & Clinical Medical School, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.
Xuehua JiaoDepartment of Endocrinology, Suzhou Ninth People's Hospital (Suzhou Ninth Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University), Suzhou, China.
Fuxing ShaDepartment of Endocrinology, Dengzhou People's Hospital, Dengzhou, China.
Liwu XuDepartment of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Science and Technology (Huainan First People's Hospital), Huainan, China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0004-3489-4169
Wei ShaoDepartment of Endocrinology, The First People's Hospital of Jiande, Jiande, China.
Fenghua LanDepartment of Endocrinology, Hangzhou Lin'an District First People's Hospital, Hangzhou, China.
Xiaoli ChenDepartment of Endocrinology, Zhangjiagang Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University (Zhangjiagang First People's Hospital), Zhangjiagang, China.
Bo YanDepartment of Endocrinology, Mingguang People's Hospital, Mingguang, China.
Guangju ZhouDepartment of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China.
Ping ShiDepartment of Endocrinology, Dingzhou People's Hospital, Dingzhou, China.
Fen LiDepartment of Endocrinology, Liuyang People's Hospital, Liuyang, China.
Huike HeDepartment of Endocrinology, Yiyang County People's Hospital, Yiyang, China.
Hong LiDepartment of Endocrinology, Zhangjiagang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhangjiagang, China.
Guangwu ZhangDepartment of Endocrinology, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo, China.
Hongyu DuanDepartment of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, China.
Fang WangDepartment of Endocrinology, Wuhan Sixth Hospital (Affiliated Hospital of Jianghan University), Wuhan, China.
Weikun GongDepartment of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Affiliated People's Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China.
Yuxiao BaiDepartment of Endocrinology, Kaifeng People's Hospital, Kaifeng, China.
Bin WangDepartment of Endocrinology, Beilun District People's Hospital of Ningbo, Ningbo, China.
Xin MouDepartment of Endocrinology, Hangzhou Red Cross Hospital (Zhejiang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine), Hangzhou, China.
Liying HeDepartment of Endocrinology, Yiwu Central Hospital, Yiwu, China.
Wukun MaDepartment of Endocrinology, The People's Hospital of Ruyang County, Ruyang, China.
Junhua SongDepartment of Endocrinology, The Fourth Hospital of Changsha (Changsha Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine), Changsha, China.
Juan ZhengDepartment of Endocrinology, The First People's Hospital of Jiashan (Jiashan Hospital Affiliated to Jiaxing University), Jiaxing, China.
Xiaosu BaiDepartment of Endocrinology, People's Hospital of Longhua, Shenzhen, China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7450-7934
Xiaosi LiDepartment of Endocrinology, The Second Hospital of Shijiazhuang, Shijiazhuang, China.
Xin YanDepartment of Endocrinology, Wuming Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0002-9482-6980
Yanqiu WangDepartment of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, China.
Zhenhua WangDepartment of Endocrinology, Huantai County People's Hospital of Zibo, Zibo, China.
Juan YuanDepartment of Endocrinology, Department of Endocrinology, The First People's Hospital of Guiyang, Guiyang, China.
Wei LuDepartment of Endocrinology, Department of Endocrinology, The First People's Hospital of Guiyang, Guiyang, China.
Yuan LiangDepartment of Endocrinology, Department of Endocrinology, The First People's Hospital of Guiyang, Guiyang, China.
Yufan WangDepartment of Endocrinology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Fenjuan XuDepartment of Endocrinology, The First People's Hospital of Tongxiang, Tongxiang, China.
Xuefeng LiDepartment of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China.
Xuan LinDepartment of Endocrinology, CR & WISCO General Hospital, Wuhan, China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7272-7271
Hongbin ZhuDepartment of Endocrinology, Dongtai People's Hospital, Dongtai, China.
Lingling XuDepartment of Endocrinology, Shenzhen Hospital of Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2731-4758
Xiaojia LouDepartment of Endocrinology, Dongyang People's Hospital, Dongyang, China.
Lingxiao WangDepartment of Endocrinology, Shaoxing Central Hospital, Shaoxing, China.
Lijuan CuiDepartment of Endocrinology, Benxi Steel General Hospital of Liaoning Health Industry Group, Benxi, China.
Lijun WangDepartment of Endocrinology, First People's Hospital of Taizhou City, Taizhou, China.
Hua QianDepartment of Endocrinology, Taizhou Second People's Hospital, Taizhou, China.
Yuwen ShiDepartment of Endocrinology, Taizhou Second People's Hospital, Taizhou, China.
Yanbing LiDepartment of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3782-9210

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThis study assessed the real-world effectiveness and safety of a fixed-dose combination (FDC) of metformin and empagliflozin in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

methodsThis prospective, multicenter, real-world study enrolled consecutive patients with T2DM treated with the FDC of metformin and empagliflozin between August 2023 and August 2025 across 50 clinical centers in China. The primary endpoint was the 6-month glycemic clinical control rate (HbA1c < 7.0%). The safety outcome included adverse events (AEs), major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs), and major adverse kidney events (MAKEs).

resultsA total of 2602 adults with T2DM were enrolled. The full-analysis sets included 1719 patients, respectively. Median age was 54 years, median body mass index (BMI) was 25.7 kg/m

conclusionIn this large-scale, real-world study in a Chinese population, the empagliflozin and metformin FDC improved long-term HbA1c control and was well tolerated.

Indexed as

Benzhydryl CompoundsDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2GlucosidesHypoglycemic AgentsMetforminAdultAgedBlood GlucoseChinaDrug CombinationsDrug Therapy, CombinationFemaleGlycated HemoglobinHumansMaleMiddle AgedBenzhydryl CompoundsBlood GlucoseDrug CombinationsempagliflozinGlucosidesGlycated HemoglobinHypoglycemic AgentsMetforminChinaempagliflozinfixed‐dose combinationmetforminreal‐world evidencetype 2 diabetes mellitus

Identifiers

PMID42802896
PMCPMC13617391

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.