ArticleMicrobiologyOpen2026
Genomic Detection of Multidrug-Resistant H58 ST1 Salmonella Typhi in a South African Urban Waterway Reveals Epidemiological Links With Clinical Isolates.
Article in MicrobiologyOpen, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Typhoid fever remains a major public health concern in South Africa. However, the role of urban waterways as environmental reservoirs and contributors to the spread of resistant Salmonella Typhi remains poorly understood. This study characterized four S. Typhi isolates recovered from the Jukskei River in Johannesburg, South Africa, using whole-genome sequencing. Genomic DNA was extracted and sequenced on the Illumina NextSeq. 2000 platform, and assembled genomes were analyzed for sequence types (STs), AMR determinants, plasmids, virulence factors, and phylogenetic relatedness using 124 clinical Salmonella genomes for comparison. All isolates were confirmed as S. Typhi, comprising ST1 (n = 2) and ST2 (n = 2). The ST1 isolates belonged to the H58 lineage (genotype 4.3.1.1), with isolate BRSA001 further classified as a sublineage 4.3.1.1. EA1. The ST1 isolates were multidrug-resistant, carrying the IncQ1 plasmid and resistant genes, including aph(6)-Id, aph(3″)-Ib, bla
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