ArticleClinics (Sao Paulo, Brazil)2026
Mendelian randomization analysis reveals causal links between specific immune cell phenotypes and Parkinson's disease.
Article in Clinics (Sao Paulo, Brazil), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveImmunity and neuroinflammation are key factors in Parkinson's Disease (PD); however, detailed studies on how they are causally related to each other are lacking. This study aimed to explore the potential causal relationship between immune cells and PD.
methodsA comprehensive two-sample Mendelian Randomization (MR) analysis was conducted based on publicly available genetic data to explore the causal relationship between 731 immune cells and PD risk. Inverse Variance Weighted (IVW) served as the main technique to explore the causal relationship, along with methods such as weighted median, MR-Egger regression, simple mode, and weighted mode. Sensitivity analysis was performed to evaluate the reliability, heterogeneity, and horizontal pleiotropy of the study results.
resultsA total of 18 immune cell phenotypes related to PD were identified in MR analysis, with 8 associated with risk, including 3 from the T-cells, B-cells, and Natural Killer cells (TBNK) group, 3 from the regulatory T-cell (Treg) group, and 2 from the myeloid group. There were 10 factors conferring protection against PD, with 3 associated with monocytes, 3 associated with T-cell maturation, 2 associated with Tregs, and 1 associated with myeloid cells. PD altered the phenotypic levels of two immune cell types, one from the TBNK group and one from the B-cell group.
conclusionsThis study suggests a potential causal link between immune cells and PD, pinpointing specific immune cell features related to PD.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.