Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42801323›Full record

ArticleAdvanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)2026

Longitudinal Awake Mouse Brain Imaging Using Functional Ultrasound and Functional Ultrasound Localization Microscopy.

Zhe Huang, Yike Wang, Matthew R Lowerison, Yue Xu, Murong Yi, Bing-Ze Lin, YiRang Shin, Nathiya Vaithiyalingam Chandra Sekaran, Daniel A Llano, Pengfei Song

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Zhe Huang *Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA.
Yike Wang *Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0003-0113-6014
Matthew R LowerisonDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1125-4554
Yue XuDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA.
Murong YiDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA.
Bing-Ze LinDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7323-4236
YiRang ShinDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA.
Nathiya Vaithiyalingam Chandra SekaranBeckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA.
Daniel A LlanoBeckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0933-1837
Pengfei SongDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9103-6345

Funding

Next-Generation Ultrasound Localization MicroscopyR21EB030072 · NIBIB · UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT URBANA-CHAMPAIGN · PI SONG, PENGFEI · 2020 to 2022
$927k
High-resolution cerebral microvascular imaging for characterizing vascular dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease mouse modelR56NS131516 · NINDS · UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT URBANA-CHAMPAIGN · PI LLANO, DANIEL A · 2023 to 2023
$575k
Chan Zuckerberg Initiative Ben Barres Early Career AwardNational Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering and the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke of the National Institutes of Health R21EB030072National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering and the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke of the National Institutes of Health R56NS131516National Science Foundation CAREER 2523603NIBIB NIH HHS R21 EB030072NINDS NIH HHS R56 NS131516
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Functional ultrasound (fUS), ultrasound localization microscopy (ULM), and functional ULM (fULM) are three emerging brain ultrasound imaging techniques that measure the cerebrovascular structure and function at different spatial scales. Here we establish an awake, longitudinal fUS-ULM-fULM imaging framework to study structural vascularity, microvascular flow velocity, mesoscale hemodynamic responses, and microvascular functional responses in the same animals across 5 months. No significant linear longitudinal trend was detected for any of the ultrasound measurements in control animals, with structural measures showing lower longitudinal variability than functional readouts. Mean flow velocity showed the strongest longitudinal consistency and the lowest pooled within-subject variability. Behavioral testing and GFAP/Iba1 staining further revealed no detectable memory impairment or chronic neuroinflammatory response during the 5-month serial imaging setup. Application of fUS-ULM-fULM in 5xFAD-positive mice revealed a temporally ordered, cross-scale pattern of cerebrovascular dysfunction, with cerebral blood flow velocity declining first followed by impaired stimulus-evoked responses at the microvascular and then mesoscale levels. No vascular structural changes were detected across 5 months. Overall, this study established a stable longitudinal multimodal ultrasound imaging framework for tracking the awake mouse brain and demonstrated the utility for detecting cerebrovascular structural and functional variations in a preclinical Alzheimer's disease mouse model.

Indexed as

Awake imagingcerebrovascular imagingfunctional ultrasoundfunctional ultrasound localization microscopylongitudinal imagingultrasound localization microscopy

Identifiers

PMID42801323
PMCPMC13616189

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.