ArticleExperimental physiology2026
Stimulus-dependent sex differences in dyspnoea: Mechanical loading vs. hypercapnia.
Article in Experimental physiology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Stimulus-dependent sex differences in dyspnoea: Mechanical loading vs. hypercapnia.Experimental physiology · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Dyspnoea is a multidimensional sensation of breathing discomfort that varies in sensory and affective experience. During exercise, healthy adults commonly report dyspnoea sensations of 'air hunger' and 'work/effort', with females more frequently reporting air hunger at maximal exertion. Interpreting these sex differences and their underlying mechanisms is challenging due to the complex physiological responses associated with exercise. Therefore, this study used laboratory models to target respiratory stimuli and evaluate sex-differences in perceptual and physiological responses to dyspnoea. In a randomized crossover design, 34 healthy participants (n = 17M; n = 17F) completed two breathing challenges. Work/effort was targeted using incremental inspiratory pressure threshold loading (IPTL). Air hunger was targeted by constraining ventilation while incrementally increasing the partial pressure of end-tidal carbon dioxide (
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.