ArticleProstate international2026
Plasma circulating tumor deoxyribonucleic acid methylation enables noninvasive disease stratification beyond prostate-specific antigen in prostate cancer.
Article in Prostate international, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Background: Accurate discrimination between localized and metastatic prostate cancer (PCa) remains a critical unmet need in clinical practice, particularly in patients with equivocal imaging findings or biologically high-risk disease. Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) methylation represents a stable epigenetic signal that may reflect tumor burden and disease state. We aimed to evaluate whether plasma ctDNA methylation markers can accurately discriminate disease state beyond conventional clinical parameters. Methods: A total of 174 patients were included, comprising localized PCa ( Results: Plasma methylation levels of C2orf88 and HAPLN3 increased significantly with advancing disease stage ( Conclusions: A two-marker ctDNA methylation signature enables accurate discrimination between localized and metastatic PCa. This plasma-based epigenetic biomarker captures clinically meaningful disease biology and offers a scalable, noninvasive approach for refined disease stratification.
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