ArticleEuropean archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience2026
Evaluating gender differences in depression screening: diagnostic accuracy and measurement invariance of the DESY-PC questionnaire in primary care.
Article in European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundRecent advances in depression diagnostics emphasize gender-specific evaluations to avoid measurement bias, given gender disparities in prevalence and symptom presentation. This study evaluated the psychometric performance of the newly developed "Questionnaire for the assessment of DEpression SYmptoms in Primary Care" (DESY-PC) in women and men.
methodsWe conducted a secondary data analysis of a diagnostic cross-sectional study involving 431 primary care patients. Current depression diagnosis was assessed using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-V disorders (SCID-V-CV) as the reference standard. Gender-specific diagnostic accuracy was evaluated using Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) analyses, including Area Under the Curve (AUC), sensitivity, and specificity. AUC values were compared to those of the commonly used PHQ-9 (Patient Health Questionnaire-9). Measurement invariance across genders was assessed by Multigroup Confirmatory Factor Analysis (Multigroup-CFA).
resultsAmong 431 participants (61% women, mean age 47.6 years), the DESY-PC demonstrated comparable diagnostic accuracy, with an AUC of 0.85 (95%CI: 0.80-0.91) for women and 0.90 (95%CI: 0.83-0.97) for men (p = 0.340). At the cut-off score of 16, sensitivity (women: 74%, men: 83%; p = 0.422) and specificity (women: 82%, men: 87%; p = 0.220) were comparable across genders. The PHQ-9 showed a significantly higher AUC for men (0.90) than for women (0.78; p = 0.048). Multigroup-CFA confirmed measurement invariance of the DESY-PC across genders.
conclusionThe DESY-PC demonstrated high and comparable diagnostic accuracy across genders and assessed the same constructs in women and men. These findings support its suitability as a gender-sensitive tool for depression screening in primary care.
Indexed as
Identifiers
42799905What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.