ArticleInternational journal of nanomedicine2026
Carrier-Free Rapamycin-Loaded Nanoparticles with MRI and Near-Infrared Fluorescence Bimodal Imaging for Precise Diagnosis and Synergistic Therapy of Ischemic Stroke.
Article in International journal of nanomedicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
13 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Ischemic stroke (IS) management is challenged by low drug delivery efficiency and limitations in current imaging modalities. We aimed to assemble rapamycin (RAPA), indocyanine green (ICG), epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), and Gd Methods: The physicochemical properties, cytotoxicity, drug release characteristics, and cellular uptake of IREGd NPs were characterized. Therapeutic efficacy was evaluated in vitro using oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) models of cell injury and in vivo in a transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO) rat model. Outcomes included sensorimotor function, cerebral infarct volume, brain edema, neuronal apoptosis, neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and biodistribution. The bimodal imaging properties were verified in vitro and in vivo. Results: IREGd NPs demonstrated good dispersibility and stability, with a RAPA loading efficiency of 65.9 wt%, enabling enhanced MRI and NIRF imaging capabilities with a longitudinal relaxation rate of 40.18 mM Conclusion: IREGd NPs efficiently deliver RAPA, and the neuroprotective effects are exerted by RAPA in combination with EGCG. Dual-modal imaging enables precise visualization of the ischemic region and drug biodistribution. These results suggest the translational potential of the biomimetic nanotheranostic platform for the treatment of IS.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.