Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42799203›Full record

ArticleInfection and drug resistance2026

Application of NGS Technology in Osteomyelitis Caused by Human Bites.

Qingfang Zhao, Xiaodi Zou, Ahmad Alhaskawi, Mengmeng Luo, Kun Li, Jinghong Xu, Hui Lu

Abstract readCase Reports
In one paragraph

Article in Infection and drug resistance, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Qingfang Zhao *Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.ORCID 0000-0003-3098-8382
Xiaodi Zou *Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Xinhua Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
Ahmad AlhaskawiDepartment of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.ORCID 0000-0001-8122-592X
Mengmeng LuoDepartment of Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
Kun LiDepartment of Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.ORCID 0000-0003-3218-9031
Jinghong XuDepartment of Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.ORCID 0009-0001-2398-2014
Hui LuDepartment of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.ORCID 0000-0002-5921-1043

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Osteomyelitis caused by human bites is a severe and complex polymicrobial infection that is often complicated by delayed diagnosis and the high false-negative rate of conventional cultures. This case series retrospectively analyzed four cases of human bite-induced osteomyelitis to evaluate the clinical utility of next-generation sequencing (NGS) for the diagnosis of complex infections. Conventional intraoperative bacterial cultures were negative in two of the four cases, limiting pathogen-directed antimicrobial therapy. In contrast, NGS identified microbial organisms in all four patients and revealed polymicrobial profiles in several cases, including fastidious oral flora and obligate anaerobes that were not detected by conventional culture, such as

Indexed as

bacterial infectiondiagnosishuman bitesnext-generation sequencing (NGS)osteomyelitis

Identifiers

PMID42799203
PMCPMC13614325

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.