ReviewCureus2026
Comparative Evaluation of Osteoarthritic Changes in the Temporomandibular Joint Using Cone-Beam Computed Tomography Among Individuals With and Without Temporomandibular Disorders: A Comprehensive Review.
Review in Cureus, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is a common degenerative condition and radiographic finding among individuals evaluated for temporomandibular disorders (TMDs), characterized by osseous changes such as flattening, subchondral sclerosis, erosion, osteophyte formation, and subchondral cysts. Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) provides three-dimensional visualization of TMJ osseous structures without superimposition and is particularly valuable for detecting degenerative changes, although its ability to assess soft-tissue structures is limited. This narrative review summarizes current evidence on the prevalence and distribution of CBCT-detected TMJ osseous changes in TMD and non-TMD populations and evaluates the influence of demographic variables, including age and sex, on these findings. Across the reviewed literature, osseous changes were generally more prevalent and severe among individuals with TMD than among those without TMD, although substantial overlap was observed between groups, indicating that imaging findings should be interpreted alongside validated clinical diagnostic criteria rather than used as a stand-alone diagnostic tool. Emerging approaches, including three-dimensional superimposition, low-dose acquisition protocols, quantitative assessment, and artificial intelligence-assisted interpretation, may improve the consistency and clinical utility of CBCT-based evaluation of TMJ osseous changes.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.