ArticleViruses2026
Detection of Respiratory Viruses in Wastewater Samples Using Commercial Multiplex PCR Assays.
Article in Viruses, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
14 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) has emerged as a supplement to clinical investigations, facilitating the acquisition of timely and non-invasive epidemiological data. In this study, a one-year WBE study was conducted in Perugia (Umbria, Italy) to evaluate respiratory viruses using multiplex assays. Fifty-two wastewater samples were collected weekly between October 2023 and September 2024 and analyzed with the Allplex™ Respiratory Panel 2/3 (for Adenovirus (AdV), Enterovirus (EV), Metapneumovirus (MPV), Parainfluenza virus types 1/2/3/4 (PIV1-4), Bocavirus (BoV), Alphacoronavirus 229E, Alphacoronavirus NL63, Betacoronavirus OC43, and Rhinovirus (RV)) and FTD respiratory pathogens 21 (only for IFV-A and RSV). The results were descriptively compared with clinical data to explore temporal concordance between wastewater and clinical surveillance. Wastewater analysis revealed frequent detection of AdV, EV, and BoV, whereas RV was detected in 67.3% of samples. AdV, EV, and BoV were detected more frequently in wastewater than in clinical samples. RSV showed a seasonal pattern in clinical samples but was only sporadically detected in wastewater, whereas PIVs were detected more frequently in clinical samples than in wastewater. By descriptive comparison, IFV-A, MPV, and non-SARS-CoV-2 coronaviruses showed peaks occurring in similar periods in wastewater and clinical samples. These results support the potential of WBE as a complementary tool to traditional clinical surveillance and suggest that commercial multiplex assays may be useful for broad, exploratory screening of respiratory viral targets in wastewater.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.