ReviewViruses2026
Molecular Mechanisms Between Canine Parvovirus 2 and Host Interactions: From Viruses to Innate Immune Signaling Pathways.
Review in Viruses, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Canine parvovirus 2 (CPV-2) is a major pathogen causing acute haemorrhagic enteritis and myocarditis in dogs. Since the discovery in the late 1970s, the original CPV-2 strain has evolved through VP2 mutations into new subtypes CPV-2a, 2b, and 2c. The viruses pose a persistent threat to canine health worldwide. This review summarizes the innate immunity evasion tactics employed by CPV-2, focusing on the interactions of various viral proteins and host signaling pathways. CPV-2 regulates the activation and inhibition of Toll-like receptors (TLRs), thereby influencing the downstream MyD88/TRIF signaling pathway and modulating the activation of NF-κB and interferons. CPV-2 exerts bidirectional regulation of apoptosis, thereby modulating host innate immune responses and promoting viral replication. CPV-2 employs multiple strategies to evade the humoral and adaptive immune systems, including evolutionary escape through rapid replication and the accumulation of mutations. Clarifying the key mechanisms underlying the defective TLR activation, the immunomodulatory functions of CPV proteins, and cross-species transmission of CPV-2 among animals and the potential zoonotic risk to humans can provide a crucial theoretical basis for precise virus control, understanding immune evasion, and assessing zoonotic risks, with significant value for both vaccine development and basic research.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.