ArticleVaccines2026
Influenza Vaccination Status and Clinical Outcomes Among Adults Hospitalized with Community-Acquired Pneumonia: A Retrospective Cohort from Saudi Arabia.
Article in Vaccines, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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13 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundInfluenza vaccination is widely recommended to prevent influenza and its complications; however, its association with clinical outcomes among high-risk populations remains uncertain. This study aimed to investigate the association between influenza vaccination status and clinical outcomes among adults hospitalized with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in Saudi Arabia.
methodsThis retrospective cohort study included adults hospitalized with CAP in Saudi public hospitals between October 2023 and March 2024. Data on demographic characteristics, comorbidities, influenza vaccination status, laboratory-confirmed influenza infection, intensive care unit (ICU) admission, in-hospital mortality, and length of hospital stay were obtained from electronic health records. Logistic regression analyses were performed to evaluate the associations between influenza vaccination and clinical outcomes.
resultsAmong 485 patients, 114 (23.5%) had received the seasonal influenza vaccine. The prevalence of laboratory-confirmed influenza infection was similar among vaccinated and unvaccinated patients (57.9% vs. 58.5%,
conclusionsAmong adults hospitalized with CAP in Saudi Arabia, influenza vaccination was associated with a lower likelihood of ICU admission, supporting its potential role in reducing disease severity among high-risk populations.
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