Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42797619›Full record

ReviewVaccines2026

Vaccine-Associated Enhanced Respiratory Disease: From Animal Models to Human Health.

Jacob A Dillard, Reina A Saldivar, Mark T Heise, Victoria K Baxter

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Vaccines, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Jacob A DillardDepartment of Microbiology & Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-6560-1494
Reina A SaldivarTexas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX 78227, USA.ORCID 0009-0007-7573-8818
Mark T HeiseDepartment of Microbiology & Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
Victoria K BaxterTexas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX 78227, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-0916-360X

Funding

Virology Research Program (Program 4)P30CA016086 · NCI · UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL · PI Deborah F. Tate · 1985 to 2026
$201.5M
Unlocking Zika Virus Immune Control and Pathogenesis with the Collaborative CrossU19AI100625 · NIAID · UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL · PI HEISE, MARK T · 2012 to 2021
$36.6M
Screening CoreU19AI109680 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA AT BIRMINGHAM · PI NELSON, JAY A · 2014 to 2018
$34.9M
Project 4: Computational panbetaCoV immunogen designP01AI158571 · NIAID · DUKE UNIVERSITY · PI HAYNES, BARTON F. · 2021 to 2023
$28.0M
MEDICAL SCIENTIST TRAINING PROGRAMT32GM008719 · NIGMS · UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL · PI DARVILLE, TONI, DESHMUKH, MOHANISH P · 1999 to 2023
$15.1M
Project 3: Serological Interactions with the Mucosal Innate Immune System Regulates COVID-19 Associated Tissue Damage.U54CA260543 · NCI · UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL · PI WOLFGANG, MATTHEW C · 2020 to 2024
$9.8M
Respiratory Virus Vaccine and Adjuvant Exploration - Equipment SupplementU01AI149644 · NIAID · UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL · PI BARIC, RALPH S · 2019 to 2023
$6.1M
Molecular Biology of Viral Diseases Predoctoral Training GrantT32AI007419 · NIAID · UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL · PI Mark T Heise, CARY A MOODY · 1993 to 2026
$4.7M
Genetic Analysis of COVID-19 Susceptibility and Resistance Determinants in the Collaborative CrossR01AI157253 · NIAID · UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL · PI BARIC, RALPH S, HEISE, MARK T · 2020 to 2024
$3.8M
Pathogenesis of and host response to chikungunya virus infection of the central nervous systemK01OD026529 · OD · UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL · PI BAXTER, VICTORIA K · 2018 to 2022
$631k
American Cancer Society Contract #95928NCI NIH HHS P30 CA016086NCI NIH HHS U54 CA260543NIAID NIH HHS P01 AI158571NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI157253NIAID NIH HHS T32 AI007419NIAID NIH HHS U01 AI149644NIAID NIH HHS U19 AI100625NIAID NIH HHS U19 AI109680NIGMS NIH HHS T32 GM008719NIH HHS 1P01AI158571-01NIH HHS 3U19AI100625-10NIH HHS 3U54CA260543-02NIH HHS 4P30CA016086-50NIH HHS 5R01AI157253-05NIH HHS 5T32AI007419-30NIH HHS 5T32GM008719-25NIH HHS 5U01AI149644-05NIH HHS 5U19AI109680-05NIH HHS 7K01OD026529-06NIH HHS K01 OD026529Rapidly Emerging Antiviral Drug Development Initiative (READDI) Rapidly Emerging Antiviral Drug Development Initiative (READDI)University of North Carolina System Emerging Challenges in Biomedical Research COVID Pilot AwardUniversity of North Carolina System Infectious Disease Drug Discovery Program (ID3)University of North Carolina System Junior Investigator Development AwardUniversity of North Carolina System North Carolina Translational Clinical Sciences Institute (NCTraCS)
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Vaccines are a safe and highly effective tool for protecting both humans and animals against infectious diseases. Although vaccines currently in use in humans have robust safety records, historical examples show that some vaccines have resulted in adverse outcomes, including vaccine-associated enhanced respiratory disease (VAERD). VAERD occurs when preexisting vaccine-induced immunity worsens respiratory disease, rather than conferring protection during infection. Enhanced disease in the lower respiratory tract characteristic of VAERD includes worsened clinical manifestations such as pneumonia and bronchiolitis, as well as increased pulmonary pathology in vaccinated, infected individuals compared with their unvaccinated, infected counterparts. Mechanistically, VAERD has been associated with T

Indexed as

coronavirusesinactivated vaccinesinfluenza virusrespiratory syncytial virusvaccine-associated enhanced respiratory disease

Identifiers

PMID42797619
PMCPMC13611719

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.